B, C, E Show Rationale: Animal sources of protein are meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, cheese, and yogurt which are proteins of high biologic value. Plants, legumes, grains, nuts, seeds, and vegetables provide proteins of low biologic value. Recommended textbook solutions
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Terms in this set (50)Which condition is a result of severe metabolic acidosis in patients with acute kidney injury? A. Asterixis D. Kussmaul respirations Rationale p. 1072 A nurse is giving dietary advice to a patient who is on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for chronic renal failure. Which dietary instructions are appropriate for this patient? Select all that apply. High-fluid intake High-calorie foods Rationale p. 1082 The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease. The patient's glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 15 mL/min. What are the treatment options the nurse would expect the health care provider to discuss with the patient? Select all that apply. A. Nephrectomy B. Hemodialysis C. Peritoneal dialysis D. Kidney transplant in place of dialysis E. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis B. Hemodialysis Rationale p. 1076
A patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed regular peritoneal dialysis (PD). What should the nurse inform the patient while teaching about PD? A. Avoid high-protein diets. B. Take potassium supplements. Rationale The nurse is attending to a patient who is receiving hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease. For which complications should the nurse be observant in the patient? Select all that apply. A. Hypotension A. Hypotension Rationale pp. 1090-1091 A patient is scheduled to undergo peritoneal dialysis. What is the highest-priority action that the nurse should perform before starting dialysis? A. Obtain the patient's weight A. Obtain the patient's weight Rationale p. 1089 While caring for a patient with kidney failure, the patient has three episodes of vomiting and diarrhea. Which action should the nurse perform as a priority? A. Administer antiemetic. C. Record the volume of fluid lost Rationale p. 1074 The patient with an acute kidney injury is being admitted. Which prescriptions by the primary health care provider should the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply. A. Sodium restriction A. Sodium restriction Rationale pp. 1073-1074 A patient has renal failure. The nurse, reviewing the lab results, recognizes which finding as indicative of the diminished renal function associated with the diagnosis? A. Hypokalemia B. Increased serum urea and serum creatinine Rationale p. 1072 The patient has a form of glomerular inflammation that is progressing rapidly. The patient is gaining weight, and the urine output is declining steadily. What is the priority nursing intervention? A. Monitor the patient's cardiac status. A. Monitor the patient's cardiac status. Rationale p. 1076 A diabetic patient comes to the emergency department with complaints of facial puffiness for the past three days, swelling in the legs, and difficulty breathing. The laboratory report states the blood glucose level as 260 mg/dL and the serum creatinine level as 3.9 mg/dL. What does the nurse suspect from these findings? A. Kidney failure A. Kidney failure Rationale pp. 1071-1072 A patient with acute kidney injury has rapid and deep respirations. The laboratory reports reveal a serum bicarbonate level of 12 mEq/L. Which treatment strategy does the nurse expect to be beneficial? A. Regular insulin B. Sodium bicarbonate Rationale p. 1072 A patient with acute kidney injury has been admitted to the hospital, and the nurse observes the electrocardiogram (ECG) reading shows tall peaked T waves, ST depression, and QRS widening. What nursing interventions should the nurse perform for this patient? Select all that apply. A. Administer sodium bicarbonate. A. Administer sodium bicarbonate. Rationale p. 1073 A patient complains of reduced urine output and abdominal pain. The primary health care provider suspects acute kidney injury. Which diagnostic test will the health care provider suggest as an initial test to confirm the diagnosis? A. Renal biopsy B. Kidney ultrasound Rationale p. 1105 Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement while preparing a high-risk patient with contrast-induced nephropathy for magnetic resonance imaging? A. Give low-fat foods C. Provide plenty of fluids Rationale p. 1073 The nursing instructor is teaching a student nurse about sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Which statement by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching? A. "It can be administered as an enema." B. "The drug is effective in treating a paralytic ileus." Rationale p. 1074 The nursing instructor is teaching a student nurse about continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Which statement by the student nurse indicates effective learning? A. "CRRT is provided over approximately 24 hours." A. "CRRT is provided over approximately 24 hours." Rationale
While caring for a patient with acute kidney injury, the nurse observes that the patient has hand tremors while extending the wrist. The patient's laboratory report shows a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 123 mg/dL. Which action by the patient does the nurse suspect as the cause of this symptom? A. Eating protein-rich food A. Eating protein-rich food Rationale p. 1074 A patient complains of pedal edema. The laboratory reports show 0.4 mL/kg/hr of urine output for the past 12 hours. The patient has a history of acute glomerulonephritis. Which method is the best to confirm acute glomerulonephritis as a cause of acute kidney injury in this patient? A.
Kidney biopsy A. Kidney biopsy Rationale p. 1073 The nurse preparing to administer a dose of calcium acetate to a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) should know that this medication should have a beneficial effect on which laboratory value? A. Sodium D. Phosphorus Rationale A patient with chronic kidney failure (CKD) has a paralytic ileus and laboratory findings of a serum potassium level of 7 mEq/L and a phosphate level of 3.5 mg/dL. The nurse anticipates that what medication will be prescribed? A. Calcium carbonate D. Intravenous 10% calcium gluconate Rationale p. 1080 Which condition should the nurse suspect in a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who develops osteomalacia? A. Asterixis D. Uremic red eye Rationale p. 1079 The nurse recognizes that which intervention would help a patient with stage 5 chronic kidney disease who experiences restless leg syndrome, altered mental ability, seizures, coma, and a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 35 mg/dL? A. Refer the patient for dialysis. A. Refer the patient for dialysis. Rationale p. 1078 A patient has been catheterized with an indwelling urinary catheter. What nursing action should the nurse perform for catheter care? A. Change the catheter routinely. B. Anchor the catheter using a securement device. Rationale p. 1062 The primary health care provider performs a surgical technique in a patient with incontinence to increase the urethral closure pressure and periurethral electromyography activity. Which type of incontinence would the nurse suspect in the patient? A. Stress incontinence
A. Stress incontinence Rationale pp. 1057-1058 While caring for a patient with suprapubic catheterization, the nurse administers an opium suppository. Which outcome in the patient indicates effective treatment? A. The patient will not experience flank pain. B. The patient will not experience bladder spasms. Rationale A patient who is unable to urinate reports pain in the lower abdomen. The postvoid residual (PVR) volume of the patient is 150 mL. What reason does the nurse suspect to be the cause of this finding in the patient? A. Obstruction with urinary stasis B. Deficient detrusor contraction strength Rationale p. 1060 Which type of incontinence might occur in a patient after receiving anesthesia? A. Urge incontinence D. Overflow incontinence Rationale p. 1056 A patient with interstitial cystitis complains of burning pain in the bladder. Which medications does the nurse expect to be beneficial to the patient? Select all that apply. A. Alfuzosin B. Diltiazem Rationale p. 1059 A patient has undergone a nephrectomy due to a renal tumor. What nursing interventions are appropriate for the postoperative care of this patient? Select all that apply. A.
Record urine output. A. Record urine output. Rationale Test-Taking Tip: Make educated guesses when necessary. p. 1063 A nurse should instruct a patient with nephrotic syndrome in which type of diet? A. Low in fat C. High in protein Rationale p. 1044 A patient is diagnosed with calcium oxalate urinary tract calculi. What actions should the nurse perform to manage this patient? Select all that apply. A. Give calcium lactate. A. Give calcium lactate. Rationale p. 1046 A 22-year-old female patient had a physical for a new job. Her blood pressure was 110/68. At the health fair two months later, her blood pressure is 154/96. What renal problem should the nurse be aware of that could contribute to this abrupt rise in blood pressure? A. Renal trauma B. Renal artery stenosis Rationale p. 1051 Which nursing intervention is most appropriate in providing care for an adult patient with newly diagnosed adult onset polycystic kidney disease (PKD)? A. Help the patient cope with the rapid
progression of the disease. B. Suggest genetic counseling resources for the children of the patient. Rationale p. 1051 When teaching a patient about the ways to manage nephrotic syndrome, which instructions should the nurse include? Select all that apply. A. Restrict dietary salt intake. A. Restrict dietary salt intake. Rationale p. 1044 A patient is suspected to have acute glomerulonephritis. The nurse is evaluating the causes and risk factors for glomerulonephritis in this patient. Which patient factors would the nurse anticipate contributed to acute glomerulonephritis? Select all that apply. A. Hypertension A. Hypertension Rationale p. 1042 A nurse is caring for a patient who is suspected to have a kidney disorder. The laboratory findings indicate decreased serum albumin, decreased total serum protein, and elevated cholesterol. Which medication does the nurse expect will be prescribed to the patient? A. Tamsulosin D. Cyclophosphamide Rationale p. 1044 Which is the most serious complication the nurse can expect when providing care to a patient diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease (PKD)? A. Cerebral aneurysm A. Cerebral aneurysm Rationale p. 1052
Which surgical procedure is beneficial to treat a patient who is diagnosed with an obstructive urethral stricture? A. Urethroplasty A. Urethroplasty Rationale p. 1050 Which dietary restriction does a nurse teach the patient with uric acid stones to avoid further complications? Select all that apply. A. Avoid cheese B. Avoid herring Rationale p. 1049 Which medication is prescribed for a patient with alkaline urine and struvite stones in the kidney? A. Allopurinol C. Acetohydroxamic acid Rationale p. 1046 A patient is diagnosed with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. On examination, the nurse finds that the patient is hypertensive and has edema and increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. What type of diet should the nurse plan for this patient? Select all that apply. A. Low-protein diet A.
Low-protein diet Rationale p. 1042 A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute glomerulonephritis. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the patient? A. "Have you recently had strep throat?" A. "Have you recently had strep throat?" Rationale p. 1041 A patient has a history of calcium phosphate renal calculi. The nurse provides teaching about recommended food choices. The patient says, "So I need to eat foods low in calcium like yogurt, oranges, chicken, cranberry juice, spinach, and eggs?" Which of the patient's food choices, indicate that further instruction is required? Select all that apply. A. Eggs B. Yogurt Rationale p. 1049 When examining a patient with glomerulonephritis, which clinical manifestations is the nurse likely to find? Select all that apply. A. Hypertension A. Hypertension Rationale p. 1041 Which treatment does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with hematuria, flank pain, and a palpable mass in the abdomen? Select all that apply. A. Ileal conduit C. Radical nephrectomy Rationale p. 1053 Which underlying cause does the nurse expect in a patient who presents with hematuria, red blood cell casts, and proteinuria? Select all that apply. A. Hodgkin's lymphoma D.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Rationale Test-Taking Tip: Determine the condition of the patient based on normal laboratory findings and identify the correct answer. p. 1043 A patient diagnosed with scleroderma is experiencing hypertension. The nurse should know that this could be related to which renal problem? A.Obstructive uropathy C. Chronic glomerulonephritis Rationale p. 1043 Which disorder of the urinary system is caused by Trichomonas in women? A. Urethritis A. Urethritis Rationale p. 1039 Which type of urinary incontinence (UI) is caused by interstitial cystitis? A. Urge
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