What does it mean for the governments power to derive from the consent of the governed?

In the democratic tradition, the authority of the government comes from the "consent of the governed." Having conferred upon an individual or a group the right to form a government, the people can withdraw that consent and give it to another individual or group, usually by means of free and fair elections. The will of the people is considered to be sovereign (supreme) and a government that has lost the consent of the governed is expected to transfer power swiftly and peacefully to its successor. Government depending upon the "consent of the governed" stands in stark contrast to those where power is achieved and maintained through heredity and birthright or through violence and terror. Even when the people confer legitimate authority upon a government, they retain "the right to dissent." This means that a citizen may oppose passage of a proposed law or may petition for the repeal or amendment of an existing law. The difficulty in the democratic tradition has been finding agreement concerning the methods and mechanisms that citizens may use to express their dissent. The encounters and experiences represented in the Scenarios provide an opportunity for you and your students to explore the issues involved.

Sub-Sections:

  • Voting and Elections
  • Democratic Participation
  • Civil Disobedience
  • Workshop

Keep in mind that dissent constitutes a particular form of disagreement; it expresses the disagreement of people with agencies that govern their lives. Of course, this includes disagreement with government but it can also include disagreement with our trade union leaders or our church leaders or any group to whom we give "the consent of the governed." To be sure, people often have other disagreements – friends might disagree on what movie to go see or families on where to spend a vacation but we don't elect our friends to govern us and we can hardly change our families by having an election.

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Abstract

The People of America love democracy. Americans do not love democracy because it is efficient; in some ways, other forms of government may respond more quickly. Americans do not love democracy because it is without problems; while a strong democracy will prevent the tyranny of the few over the many, it requires constant vigilance to protect individual rights from the tyranny of the many over the few. Americans do not love democracy because it is perfect—it is not; it is only as good as we make it. Americans love democracy because doing so is simply part of our culture; our shared love of democracy creates a bond that binds together our diverse people and our vast continent. Americans love democracy because it and it alone has the potential to provide a moral, fair, and just government. This is so because our democracy recognizes that the only legitimate source of governmental power comes from those subject to the government's exercise of power—the consent of the governed. Under our Constitution, neither the federal government nor the state governments are sovereign; nor do these governments somehow share sovereignty. In America, the People alone are sovereign; all governments (federal, state, and local) are mere agents of the People, subject always and in every case to their ultimate au-thority. As a result, democracy (popular sovereignty-majority rule) makes possible the creation of a society that fully embraces mutual respect for individual rights while allowing and encouraging just and fair collective action that benefits the overall society.

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journal article

The "Consent" of the Governed

The Western Political Quarterly

Vol. 12, No. 2 (Jun., 1959)

, pp. 391-409 (19 pages)

Published By: University of Utah

https://doi.org/10.2307/443978

https://www.jstor.org/stable/443978

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“Consent of the governed” refers to the idea that a government's legitimacy and moral right to use state power is justified and lawful only when consented, or agreed to, by the people over which that political power is exercised.
The most fundamental concept of democracy is the idea that government exists to secure the rights of the people and must be based on the consent of the governed.