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The view that knowleedge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation.
An early school of psycholgy that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind
A school of psycholgy that focuused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish
The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method
The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not (2)
Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth
The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language)
The science of behavior and mental processes
The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of the psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture
The principle that, among the range of inherited variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passes on to succeeding generations
The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon
An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis
A branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and psychological processes
The study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection
A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders
The scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning
The scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, and communicating
Social-Cultural Psychology
The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking
The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base
The scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning
The study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems
Industrial-Organizational Psychology
Application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in work places
Humans Factors Psychology
The study of how people and machines interact and the design of safe and easily used machines and enviornment
A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well being
A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practices by physicians who often provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy
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empiricism
Information is collected by objective observations and experimentation using the scientific method.
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structuralism
An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind.
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functionalism
A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish.
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experimental psychology
the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method
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behaviorism
A theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior
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humanistic psychology
Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth
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cognitive neuroscience
A field that attempts to understand the links between cognitive processes and brain activity.
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psychology
Scientific study of behavior and mental processes
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nature-nurture issue
The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors
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natural selection
Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest
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biopsychosocial approach
An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis
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biological psychology
A branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior
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evolutionary psychology
A relatively new specialty in psychology that sees behavior and mental processes in terms of their genetic adaptations for survival and reproduction.
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psychodynamic psychology
A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders
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behavioral psychology
The scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning
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cognitive psychology
an approach to psychology that emphasizes internal mental processes
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social-cultural psychology
the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking
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psychometrics
the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits
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basic research
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.
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developmental psychology
A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
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educational psychology
the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning
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personality psychology
the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting
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social psychology
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
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applied psychology
The branch of psychology concerned with everyday, practical problems
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industrial-organizational psychology
application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.
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human factors psychology
A branch of psychology that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use
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counseling psychology
A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being
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clinical psychology
A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
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psychiatry
A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy. Medical degree M.D.
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sQ3R
A study method incorporating five steps: Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, Review
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