Which of the following statements best describes the development of this child?

Multiple Choice Questions

1.

According to Piaget' s theory, children learn by

• memorizing information by paying due attention

• changing their behaviour when offered appropriate rewards

• scaffolding provided by more able members of the society

• processes of adaptation

D.

processes of adaptation

According to Jean Piaget's theory, adaptation was one of the important processes guiding cognitive development. The adaptation process itself can occur in two ways: through assimilation and accommodation.In assimilation, people take in information from the outside world and convert it to fit in with their existing ideas and concepts. People possess mental categories for information, known as schemas, that are used to understand the world around them. In accommodation, people also accommodate new information by changing their mental representations to fit the new information. When people encounter information that is completely new or that challenges their existing ideas, they often have to form a new schema to accommodate the information or alter their existing mental categories.

2.

A teacher wants to ensure that her students are motivated intrinsically. She would

• specify uniform standards of achievement for all children

• plan learning activities which encourage convergent thinking

• focus on the processes of learning of individual children rather than on the final outcome

• offer tangible rewards

C.

focus on the processes of learning of individual children rather than on the final outcome

By focusing on the processes of learning of individual children rather than on the final out come, a teacher can ensure that her students are motivated intrinsically.

3.

There are a few children in your class who make errors. Which of these is most likely to be your analysis of the situation?

• The children have poor intelligence

• The children have not yet gained conceptual clarity and there is need for you to reflect on your pedagogy

• The children are not interested in studies and want to create indiscipline

• The children should not have been promoted to your class

B.

The children have not yet gained conceptual clarity and there is need for you to reflect on your pedagogy

Children in the class make an error because children have not gained conceptual clarity and there is a need for the teacher to reflect it in pedagogy.

4.Which one of the following statements best describes why children should be encouraged to ask questions in the class?Questions increase the curiosity of the childrenChildren can be made to realize that they lack intelligence by making them think of all the things they don't know aboutQuestions take learning forward by interactions and lead to conceptual clarityChildren need to practice their language skills

C.

Questions take learning forward by interactions and lead to conceptual clarity

By encouraging students to ask more questions, you can improve their cognitive abilities. Questions motivate children to seek out knowledge that aligns with their interests and can, therefore, foster a lifelong love of learning. Questions take learning forward by interactions and lead to conceptual clarity.

5.

Piaget proposes that pre-operational children are unable to conserve. He attributes this inability to which one of the following factors?

• Inability of hypothetico-deductive reasoning

• Lack of high-level abstract reasoning

• Personal fable

• Irreversibility of thought

D.

Irreversibility of thought

In the pre-operational stage, children engage in make-believe and can understand and express relationships between the past and the future. There are three main characteristics of the pre-operational stage of a child's cognitive development- egocentrism, centration and irreversibility. Irreversibility refers to the inability of a child to realise that an action is done and undone.

6.

According to Vygotsky, zone of proximal development is

• zone demarking the support offered by the teacher

• what the child can do on her own which cannot be assessed

• the gap between what the child can do independently and with assistance 

• the amount and nature of support provided to the child to achieve her potential

C.

the gap between what the child can do independently and with assistance 

When Vygotsky first introduced the zone of proximal development in thinking and speech, he considered it a well-known fact that "with collaboration, direction or some kind of help, the child always be able to do more and solve more difficult tasks that he can independently".

7.

Failure of a child to perform well in class tests leads us to believe that

• assessment is objective and can be used to clearly identify failures

• children are born with certain capabilities and deficits

• there is a need to reflect upon the syllabus, pedagogy and assessment processes

• some children are deemed to fail irrespective of how hard the system tries

C.

there is a need to reflect upon the syllabus, pedagogy and assessment processes

There is a need to reflect upon the syllabus, pedagogy and assessment process if the child is unable to perform well in class tests syllabus pedagogy and assessment process are the main criteria for the class test.

8.

Socialization is a process of

• acquiring values, beliefs and expectations

• socializing with friends

• assimilation and accommodation

• learning to critique the culture of a society

A.

acquiring values, beliefs and expectations

Socialisation is a continuing process whereby an individual acquires a personal identity and learns the norms, values, behaviour and social skills appropriate to his or her social position.

9.

Which one of the following assessment practices will bring out the best in students?

• When students are required to reproduce facts as tested via multiple choice questions

• When the emphasis is laid upon positive correlation between test scores and student ability

• When conceptual change and students' alternative solutions are assessed through several different methods of assessment

• When the marks obtained and the position secured by the student in the class are the ultimate determinants of success

C.

When conceptual change and students' alternative solutions are assessed through several different methods of assessment

The ultimate purpose of assessment for learning is to create self-regulated learners. When conceptual change and students' alternative solutions are assessed through several different methods of assessment it brings out the best in students.

10.

Which of these is a characteristic of a child with learning disability?

• An IQ below 50

• Difficulty in reading fluently and reversing words

• Bullying other children and engaging in aggressive acts

• Doing the same motor action repeatedly

B.

Difficulty in reading fluently and reversing words

Learning Disability is a neurological disorder. Children with learning disabilities are as smart or smarter than their peers. But they may have difficulty, reading, writing, spelling, reasoning, and/on organising in the foundation.

Which of the following statements best describes the process of child development?

Which statement best describes what development is?

What is the best description for why we study child development?

What are the 4 types of development in children?