Which of the following is not a component on the typical information systems plan?

An Information system is a combination of hardware and software and telecommunication networks that people build to collect, create and distribute useful data, typically in an organization. It defines the flow of information within the system. The objective of an information system is to provide appropriate information to the user, to gather the data, process the data and communicate information to the user of the system. 

Components of the information system are as follows: 

1. Computer Hardware: 
Physical equipment used for input, output and processing. The hardware structure depends upon the type and size of the organization. It consists of an input and an output device, operating system, processor, and media devices. This also includes computer peripheral devices. 

2. Computer Software: 
The programs/ application program used to control and coordinate the hardware components. It is used for analysing and processing of the data. These programs include a set of instruction used for processing information. 

Software is further classified into 3 types: 
 

1. System Software
2. Application Software
3. Procedures

3. Databases: 
Data are the raw facts and figures that are unorganized that are later processed to generate information. Softwares are used for organizing and serving data to the user, managing physical storage of media and virtual resources. As the hardware can’t work without software the same as software needs data for processing. Data are managed using Database management system. 
Database software is used for efficient access for required data, and to manage knowledge bases. 

4. Network: 
 

• Networks resources refer to the telecommunication networks like the intranet, extranet and the internet.
• These resources facilitate the flow of information in the organization.
• Networks consists of both the physicals devices such as networks cards, routers, hubs and cables and software such as operating systems, web servers, data servers and application servers.
• Telecommunications networks consist of computers, communications processors, and other devices interconnected by communications media and controlled by software.
• Networks include communication media, and Network Support.

5. Human Resources: 
It is associated with the manpower required to run and manage the system. People are the end user of the information system, end-user use information produced for their own purpose, the main purpose of the information system is to benefit the end user. The end user can be accountants, engineers, salespersons, customers, clerks, or managers etc. People are also responsible to develop and operate information systems. They include systems analysts, computer operators, programmers, and other clerical IS personnel, and managerial techniques.
 

Introduction

An information system is integrated and co-ordinate network of components, which combine together to convert data into information.

Components of information systems

An information system is essentially made up of five components hardware, software, database, network and people. These five components integrate to perform input, process, output, feedback and control.

Hardware consists of input/output device, processor, operating system and media devices. Software consists of various programs and procedures. Database consists of data organized in the required structure. Network consists of hubs, communication media and network devices. People consist of device operators, network administrators and system specialist.

Information processing consists of input; data process, data storage, output and control. During input stage data instructions are fed to the systems which during process stage are worked upon by software programs and other queries. During output stage, data is presented in structured format and reports.

Classification of Information System

In any given organization information system can be classified based on the usage of the information. Therefore, an information system in an organization can be divided into operations support system and management support system.

Management information system provides information to manager facilitating the routine decision-making process. Decision support system provides information to manager facilitating specific issue related solution.

Further Classification

An information system can be categorized based upon activity into strategic planning system, tactical information system and operational information system.

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