Which of the following contributed to the end of Brazils rubber boom quizlet?

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How did the development of nation-states contribute to the spread of imperialism?

The conquest of new territory and possession of an empire was seen as a measure of a nation's strength

Which of the following statements best reflects the impact of Enlightenment thinkers on 19th century nationalists?

The political boundaries of a nation should reflect people's shared past, culture, and tradition

Which of the following was a method that dominant elites used to spread their values and institutions throughout the nationstate?

Broadening public education

During the 2nd half of the 19th century, the widespread cultivation of which of the following advanced imperialism

capital- allowed people to buy stock in limited-liability joint-stock companies further expanding their wealth and power

which of the following attitudes created tension between the concept of nation state and colonial empire

colonies were seen as subordinate to their mother countries, often with no representation in their governments

what did american nation-states do with territories taken from indigenous peoples

turned territories into provinces by sending settlers to the hinterlands

how did americans of european descent justify expanding their territory westward

they claimed that their expansion across north american continent was God's will

how did the us understanding of itself change after the civil war?

Its sense of national identity, and the strength of the national government, grew stronger

After the Civil war, how did the US encourage the incorporation of its western territories

it encouraged settlers to move to the hinterlands with promises of cheap land for homesteading

What new economic development permitted the accumulation of capital needed to invest in new industries

limited liability, joint stock company

which of the following contributed to Canada's difficulties in forming a robust national identity during the late 19th century

there were sharp cultural divisions between French and English speaking Canadians

What motivation drove Canada's 19th century policy towards its indigenous population

Canadians wished to avoid bloodshed and conflict with indigenous peoples that might drive off settlers

Which of the following helps to explain why privileged elites in Latin America held more political and economic power than elites in the US

Large estate holders in Latin America controlled far more of the richest lands to produce export crops

Which of the following contributed to the end of Brazil's rubber boom?

increased production outside of Brazil led to more competition and lowered prices

What hampered the implementation of the nationalistic idea that the location of "the people" should form the basis for setting national boundaries

there was no agreement as to who "the people" should be

The idea that a nation was composed of its entire population replaced what earlier definition of a nation?

A nation was composed of kings, clergymen, and nobles

Which of the following developments contributed heavily to the growth of nationalism in 19th century Europe?

The expansion of literacy and the periodical printing press

In which of the following situations were factors like a shared language, insufficient to create a national bond?

Great Britain's relationship with Ireland

What did Bismarck of Germany and Cavour of Italy have in common?

both were conservative prime ministers who exploited liberal national sentiment to promote unification

What kind of states resulted from the unifications of Germany and Italy?

States with persistent internal divisions and centralized power wielded by their monarchs

The development of limited liability joint stock companies facilitated

Large scale enterprises came to power, took control over everything

Charles Darwin's key scientific insight was:

That species evolved under pressures of natural selection

How did late 19th century Japanese capitalism differ from late 19th century American capitalism?

They relied on personal relationships instead of impersonal investment and limited liability firms

How did conservative Chinese leaders react to the first railroads built in China

They believed they disrupted the harmony between humans and nature so they tore them up

Russia expanded south into the Caucasus and into Manchuria primarily in order to:

Respond to perceived threats from rivals in those areas

In what way did the second industrial revolution lead to greater global economic integration

Necessary raw materials such as rubber, copper, oil, and bauxite were not readily available in the North Atlantic states and had to be imported from overseas. ALSO, steel, electricity, and more machinery developed

After the Spanish-American War, American expansionism increasingly involved which of the following

Turning nominally independent countries into dependent states

In response to Commodore Perry's arrival in Edo Bay, how did young Japanese elites plan to modernize?

They planned to adopt Western technology, while maintaining Japanese culture

Which of the following was the ultimate result of China's unwillingness to change its political and economic systems?

Vulnerability to external aggression and internal instability

Which of the following was a reason that Europeans colonized Africa?

To acquire personal power and imperial glory

How did nationalism challenge the Austrian empire?

encouraging groups such as the Czechs and Hungarians to press for more autonomy

How did the Franco-Prussian War encourage the growth of French nationalism in the late 19th century? It encouraged

the French to unify around their hatred of the Germans

How did Social Darwinists use the idea of 'survival of the fittest'?

As a rationale for strong nations' domination of weaker ones

In general, what was the economic goal of imperial powers in the late 19th century?

To profit by importing raw materials and exporting finished products (to colonies forcefully)

One unintended consequence of the British Raj in India was

emergence of a new 'Indian' identity despite the lack of a common language or culture.

An important unintended consequence of the European partition of Africa was

boundary lines drawn by Europeans divided African cultural and political units among several different colonies.

King Menelik II of Ethiopia was able to defeat Italian forces because

he was able to equip his armies with European weapons and technology.

Which of the following best describes the beliefs of a social Darwinist in the late nineteenth century?

Modern culture was created by white Europeans and Americans, who were more fully evolved than the darker peoples of the world. Also, the whites had to spread their better culture

In the late nineteenth century, which of the following was an important initiative of the Chinese Self-Strengthening movement?

the development of coal mines and shipyards

Which British colony served as a model for later European endeavors by developing the colony's infrastructure to maximize profits from trade?

British India

After revolts in several of their African colonies, what changes did Europeans make in their colonial structures?

More efficient administrations began to provide health care and education to the colonized peoples

In what way was American imperialism in the 1890s different from earlier forms of U.S. expansionism?

Took control of new territories without seeking to incorporate them into the national political body

In what way was Russia's expansion in Asia different from American expansion in North America?

Russia tolerated and taxed native populations instead of displacing or slaughtering them

What were the similarities between Russian and Japanese attempts to modernize in the late nineteenth century?

For both, key aspects of industrialization were state-sponsored (schools founded and strived for a common culture to modernize)

In what way did late-nineteenth-century Japanese colonial rule in the Ryukyu Islands differ from that of the British in India or the Americans in Puerto Rico?

the Japanese conquerors refused to train a native Ryūkyūs governing class

Why was electricity the most important power source for the second industrial revolution?

it permitted factories to arise in areas with plenty of skilled workers, but it also slashed production costs

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What factors contributed to the end of Brazil's rubber boom?

Which of the following contributed to the end of Brazil's rubber boom? Rain forest land was damaged by cattle grazing and wild fires. Hostile Amerindians attacked rubber plantations and convoys. Increased production outside of Brazil led to more competition and lowered prices.

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Which of the following developments contributed heavily to the growth of nationalism in nineteenth-century Europe? The expansion of literacy and the periodical press.

How did the United States understanding of itself change after the Civil War quizlet?

How did the United States' understanding of itself change after the Civil War? Its sense of national identity grew stronger. Which of the following did NOT contribute to Canada's difficulties in forming a strong national identity in the late 19th century?

Which of the following was an unintended consequence of the British Raj in India quizlet?

One unintended consequence of the British Raj in India was: the emergence of a new "Indian" identity despite the lack of a common language or culture.