Chapter 3. Safe Patient Handling, Positioning, and Transfers Show
Positioning a patient in bed is important for maintaining alignment and for preventing bed sores (pressure ulcers), foot drop, and contractures (Perry et al., 2014). Proper positioning is also vital for providing comfort for patients who are bedridden or have decreased mobility related to a medical condition or treatment. When positioning a patient in bed, supportive devices such as pillows, rolls, and blankets, along with repositioning, can aid in providing comfort and safety (Perry et al., 2014). Patient Positions in BedPositioning a patient in bed is a common procedure in the hospital. There are various positions possible for patients in bed, which may be determined by their condition, preference, or treatment related to an illness. Table 3.6 lists patient positions in bed. Table 3.6 Patient Positions in Bed
Moving a Patient up in BedWhen moving a patient in bed, perform a patient risk assessment prior to the procedure to determine the level of assistance needed for optimal patient care. If a patient is unable to assist with repositioning in bed, follow agency policy regarding “no patient lifts” and the use of mechanical lifts for complex and bariatric patients. See Checklist 25 for the steps to move a patient up in bed. Checklist 25: Moving a Patient Up in Bed
Watch these three videos for more information about how to move a patient up in bed. Take this Repositioning a Patient in Bed, Caregivers at Head course to learn how to move a patient up in bed, with caregivers at the head of the bed. Take this Repositioning a Patient in Bed, Caregivers Facing Each Other course to learn how to move a patient up in bed, with the caregivers facing each other. Take this Repositioning a Patient in Bed, Diagonal Technique course to learn how to move a patient up in bed, with the caregivers standing positioned diagonally. Positioning a Patient to the Side of the BedPrior to ambulating, repositioning, or transferring a patient from one surface to another (e.g., a stretcher to a bed), it may be necessary to move the patient to the side of the bed to avoid straining or excessive reaching by the health care provider. Positioning the patient to the side of the bed also allows the health care provider to have the patient as close as possible to the health care provider’s centre of gravity for optimal balance during patient handling. Checklist 26 describes how to safely move a patient to the side of the bed. Checklist 26: Positioning a Patient to the Side of the Bed
When transferring a resident from bed to chair which muscles should you use to maintain proper body mechanics?Tighten your stomach and back muscles to maintain a correct support position. Use your arms to support the person and let your legs do the lifting. Pivot by turning on one foot rather than twisting your body. A transfer belt around the person's waist can be used for stability and support as you complete the transfer.
When transferring a client from bed to their bedside chair the nurse on duty should use which muscles to avoid back straining and injury?Tighten your gluteal and abdominal muscles, bend your knees, and keep back straight and neutral. Place one foot in front of the other. The weight will shift from the front foot to the back during the move. Use of proper body mechanics helps prevent injury when handling patients.
What muscles should you use to move a patient?Keep your back straight and use your quads to carry the weight of the person you are lifting. Hold the patient while keeping your knees bent, and use your leg muscles to straighten and lift your patient. This is best accomplished by keeping your patient as close to you as you can as you move straight up.
What is a technique to prevent lifting injuries for the nurse?Bend the knees. Bending the knees maintains your centre of gravity and lets the strong muscles of your legs do the lifting. Push the object rather than pull it, and maintain continuous movement.
What tips must you remember when you have to move someone into bed or out of bed?When you have to move someone—either in bed or out of bed— remember these tips: • Plan the move and know what you can and cannot do. Let the person do as much work as he is capable of. Avoid letting the person put his arms around your neck or grab you. Use a transfer belt to balance and support the person.
What part's of the body can be bent when lifting patients?Bend at your knees, not at your waist or back. Tighten your stomach muscles as you lift the object up or lower it down. Hold the object as close to your body as you can. Slowly lift, using your muscles in your hips and knees.
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