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• We tested how pre-reading language relates to brain structure in children 3–5 years. Phonological
processing was related to diffusion parameters in ventral white matter. We also observe relationships in non-traditional reading areas. Results show that brain alterations predate reading instruction. Brain alterations are associated with reading and language difficulties in older children, but little research has investigated relationships
between early language skills and brain white matter structure during the preschool period. We studied 68 children aged 3.0–5.6 years who underwent diffusion tensor imaging and participated in assessments of Phonological Processing and Speeded Naming. Tract-based spatial statistics and tractography revealed relationships between Phonological Processing and diffusion parameters in bilateral ventral white matter pathways and the corpus callosum. Phonological Processing was positively correlated
with fractional anisotropy and negatively correlated with mean diffusivity. The relationships observed in left ventral pathways are consistent with studies in older children, and demonstrate that structural markers for language performance are apparent as young as 3 years of age. Our findings in right hemisphere areas that are not as commonly found in adult studies suggest that young children rely on a widespread network for language processing that becomes more specialized with age. KeywordsMagnetic resonance imaging Diffusion tensor imaging Language Reading White matter Phonological processing Cited by (0)© 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Biology Forums - Study Force is the leading provider of online homework help for college and high school students. Get homework help and answers to your toughest questions in biology, chemistry, physics, math, calculus, engineering, accounting, English, writing help, business, humanities, and more. Master your assignments with step-by-step solutions to countless homework questions asked and answered by our members. If we don't have your question, don’t worry. You can ask any homework question and get expert homework help in as little as two hours. Our extensive online study community is made up of college and high school students, teachers, professors, parents and subject enthusiasts who contribute to our vast collection of study resources: textbook solutions, study guides, practice tests, practice problems, lecture notes, equation sheets and more. With our help, your homework will never be the same! Related Questions
Which of the following is a fine motor skill that a 3 year old preschooler can perform?At age 3, children are developing fine motor control: they're more able to move their fingers independently, using them in more complex tasks such as holding writing utensils like an adult, cutting with scissors and making more complex and precise drawings.
Which area of the brain undergoes considerable development during the adolescent years?Two of the brain regions that have consistently been shown to undergo continued development during adolescence are the prefrontal cortex and the parietal cortex.
What is the most frequent health problem during the preschool years?One of the common health problems of preschoolers is hand, foot, and mouth disease. This mild infection is caused by the coxsackie virus and is most common among young children. A child with hand, foot, and mouth disease usually develops sores in the mouth and a rash on their hands and feet.
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The right hemisphere of the brain becomes more specialized during the preschool years
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