The belief that others are paying more attention to our appearance and behavior than they really are

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What we know and believe about ourselves.

A person's overall self-evaluation or sense of self-worth.

A belief that leads to its own fulfillment.

Protecting one's self-image with behaviors that create a handy excuse for later failure.

Being attuned to the way one presents oneself in social situations and adjusting one's performance to create the desired impression.

The act of expressing oneself and behaving in ways designed to create a favorable impression or an impression that corresponds to one's ideals.

Beliefs about self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information.

Self-Serving Attributions

A form of self-serving bias; the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to oneself and negative outcomes to other factors.

The tendency to perceive oneself more favorably than other people do or than is warranted by evidence.

A sense that one is competent and effective (different from self-esteem, which is one's sense of self-worth; a sharpshooter in the military might feel high _____ and low self-esteem).

An explanation of someone's behavior that focuses on environmental factors.

A delayed impact of a message that occurs when an initially discounted message becomes effective after we forget the reason for discounting it.

Evaluating one's opinions and abilities by comparing oneself to others.

The theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one's rewards and minimize one's costs.

A theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded and punished.

The tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable.

An interdisciplinary field that explores the neural bases of social and emotional processes and behaviors, and how these processes and behaviors affect our brain and biology.

The scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another.

Social-Responsibility Norm

An expectation that people will help those who need it.

A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing its self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior. Examples include the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Tragedy of the Commons.

Spontaneous Trait Inference

An effortless, automatic inference of a trait after exposure to someone's behavior.

The belief that others are paying more attention to our appearance and behavior than they really are.

The theory that when we are unsure of our attitudes, we infer them much as would someone observing us—by looking at our behavior and the circumstances under which it occurs.

Chapter 2: The Self in a Social WorldSpotlights and Illusions: What do they teach us about ourselves?Spotlight effectthe belief that others are paying more attention to our appearance and behaviorthan they really are-In an experiment, the researcher asked the participant to change into an American eaglesweatshirt. The participant believed that the group would notice. In actuality, about 10percent noticed it.Illusion of transparencythe illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily readby others-if we’re happy and we know, then our face will truly show it. And others, we presumewill notice. We can be more opaque than we realize-we also tend to believe that our emotions are more obvious than they are-We also overestimate the visibility of our social blunders and public mental slips-we agonize over them , but others may hardly notice or easily forget.-The spotlight effect and the related illusion of transparency are two examples of the interplaybetween our sense of self and our social worldsExamples:-social surrounding affect our self awareness. When we are the only member of ourrace, gender, or nationality in a group, we notice how we differ and how others arereacting to our difference-self interest colors our social judgment. When problems arise in a close relationship,we usually attribute more responsibility to the other person rather than us. If thingsare going well, we attribute more responsibility to ourselves.-self concern motivates our social behavior. In hopes of making a positive impression, weagonize about our appearance.-social relationships help us define our self.-our ideas and feelings about ourselves affect how we respond to others. And others help shapeour sense of self.-our sense of self organizes our thoughts, feelings, and actions-it enables us to remember our past, asses our present, and project our future.behaveadaptively-much of our behavior is not consciously controlled, but rather automatic and self conscious-the self does enable long term planning, goal setting, and restraint.-it imagines alternatives, compares itself with others, and manages reputation and relationshipsSelf Concept: Who Am I?-self conceptwhat we know and believe about ourselves

What is defined as the beliefs about the self that organize and guide the processing of self

Is defined as the beliefs about the self that organize?

What is the name of the phenomenon in which we tend to attribute personal success to personal factors skill ability or effort and to attribute failure to external factors?

Is self Efficacy a skill?